Observation of ⁢¯ Production in Pb+Pb Collisions at √NN=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector

Summary, in English

Top-quark pair production is observed in lead-lead ((Formula presented)) collisions at (Formula presented) at the Large Hadron Collider with the ATLAS detector. The data sample was recorded in 2015 and 2018, amounting to an integrated luminosity of (Formula presented). Events with exactly one electron and one muon and at least two jets are selected. Top-quark pair production is measured with an observed (expected) significance of 5.0 (4.1) standard deviations. The measured top-quark pair production cross section is (Formula presented), with a total relative uncertainty of 31%, and is consistent with theoretical predictions using a range of different nuclear parton distribution functions. The observation of this process consolidates the evidence of the existence of all quark flavors in the preequilibrium stage of the quark-gluon plasma at very high energy densities, similar to the conditions present in the early Universe. © 2025 CERN, for the ATLAS Collaboration.

• Author: G. Aad; T.P.A. Åkesson; K.S.V. Astrand; C. Doglioni; P.A. Ekman; V. Hedberg; H. Herde; B. Konya; E. Lytken; R. Poettgen; O. Smirnova; E.J. Wallin; L. Zwalinski
• Department/s: Particle and nuclear physics; eSSENCE: The e-Science Collaboration; Department of Physics
• Publishing year: 2025
• Language: English
• Publication/Series: Physical Review Letters
• Volume: 134
• Issue: 14
• Links: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.142301
• Document type: Journal article
• Publisher: American Physical Society
• Topic: Subatomic Physics
• Keywords: Colliding beam accelerators; Electrons; Protons; ATLAS detectors; Data sample; Integrated luminosity; Large Hadron Collider; Large-hadron colliders; Pair production; Pb-Pb collisions; Production cross section; Standard deviation; Top quarks; article; cosmos; human; Ions
• Status: Published
• ISBN/ISSN/Other: ISSN: 0031-9007